5G, big data, Internet of Things and artificial intelligence are widely used, and cities have become more ＂smart＂
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5G, big data, Internet of Things and artificial intelligence are widely used — —
Cities become more "smart"
Guangming Daily reporter Liu Kun
Enterprise employees work in the cloud, brainstorm in video conferences, residents show their health codes when they enter the community and visit the supermarket, and doctors use 5G and artificial intelligence for remote consultation and treatment … … Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, many new changes have taken place in our lives, and our city has become more "intelligent".
Nowadays, new technologies such as 5G, big data, Internet of Things and artificial intelligence are developing continuously, which are widely used in the process of building new smart cities in China, giving birth to a new digital, networked and intelligent public service model and a new concept of urban governance, bringing many conveniences to people’s production and life. In the future, how to better promote the construction of new smart cities?
The staff monitors the tourism situation in real time through the smart tourism big data platform. Xinhua news agency
Health codes and information platforms are of great use.
During the epidemic period, the "e Longyan" platform in Longyan City, Fujian Province developed and launched the COVID-19 prevention and control information service program, and launched a number of related services, so that citizens can quickly query information, conduct online free clinics, and report epidemic clues in time. The questions reflected by the citizens are uniformly summarized on the 12345 platform. If the platform can reply, it will give an immediate reply. If the professional questions cannot be answered, it will be transferred to the relevant departments for processing in time.
At 19: 20 on June 30, Ms. Yang, who lives in Daxing, Beijing, returned to the community after work and was showing the Beijing health code to the property security personnel. After confirming that "nothing unusual", she was allowed to enter. "I have to show my health code four or five times a day now, which is very convenient to use and conducive to epidemic prevention and control." She said.
On April 8, Wuhan, which was closed for 76 days, reopened the passage from Han to Hubei. In the early morning of that day, many passengers came to Wuhan Railway Station. They wore masks and took the Hubei health code "Green Code" and took the high-speed train one after another to all parts of the country. For them, "green code" means "passport" to return to work. Since the beginning of this year, health codes, epidemic prevention maps, information platforms, intelligent temperature screening and early warning systems, etc. have become a powerful means to fight the epidemic.
Wang Yukai, a professor at the Central Party School (National School of Administration) and a member of the National Informationization Expert Advisory Committee, said that China has made great strategic achievements in epidemic prevention and control, which is closely related to China’s promotion of smart city construction in recent years. Since the outbreak, local governments have released information to the public in a timely manner through the government information platform, releasing local epidemics, so that the public can know the situation in time and improve their preventive ability.
Wang Yukai said that in the construction of smart cities, we have established a strong data base, which was of great use during the epidemic. The government has a large number of public data, such as population database and geographic information database. Telecom operators master a large amount of data through mobile phone real-name registration system; Internet companies also have massive data by providing market services and social services. These different types of data provide support for the traceability of the epidemic, the tracking of the transmission chain, and the group prevention and control.
"If there is no smart city construction, we can’t hold so many video conferences today, there can’t be tens of millions of enterprises working online, and there can’t be hundreds of millions of students taking classes online." Gao Xinmin, a member of the National Informatization Expert Advisory Committee, believes that during the epidemic, the information sharing and service platform created by the government played an important role. Internet companies provided a lot of intelligent services around the normal operation of the city and the living needs of the people, which increased the flexibility of economic and social operation and improved the city’s impact resistance.
At present, what is the current situation of smart city construction in China? According to some studies, the construction of smart cities in China has generally gone through four stages: the first stage is the exploration and practice period. From the end of 2008 when the concept of "smart city" was put forward to August 2014, various departments and localities promoted the construction of smart cities according to their own understanding, which was relatively scattered and disorderly; The second stage is the normative adjustment period. From August 2014 to December 2015, the Inter-Ministerial Coordination Working Group for Promoting the Healthy Development of Smart Cities was established at the national level. All departments stopped working alone and began to coordinate and guide the construction of local smart cities. The third stage is the strategic attack period. From December 2015 to December 2017, the concept of a new smart city was put forward and upgraded to a national strategy, focusing on promoting the integration and sharing of government information systems, breaking information islands and data segmentation; The fourth stage is the period of all-round development. Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held, the construction of new smart cities in various places has been accelerated, and the construction achievements have gradually extended to districts, counties and rural areas.
Experts said that at present, the construction of smart cities in China has achieved positive results. According to statistics, all cities above the sub-provincial level and more than 89% cities above the prefecture level have proposed to build smart cities. While releasing the overall action plan for implementing smart cities, all provinces and cities are constantly promoting the practice in specific fields such as "smart education", "smart medical care" and "smart transportation", and exploring the key points and development paths suitable for the construction of local smart cities. After years of construction and innovative development, a number of innovative applications such as "urban brain" and Internet hospital have emerged, which have provided a model for the construction of global smart cities in some fields.
In Tianjin Haier washing machine interconnection factory, the staff are checking the parts. Xinhua news agency
Data islands and fragmentation still exist.
Experts said that on the whole, China’s new smart city construction has achieved positive results, but it also faces problems such as weak top-level design, insufficient linkage between urban data integration and governance, uneven development between urban and rural areas, and the formation of smart city development ecology, which needs to be targeted. Make improvements.
Where does the "wisdom" of the city come from? From the data.
The essence of the new smart city is to use the new generation of information technology to reshape and rebuild the city, and use the attributes of smooth flow and open sharing of data resources to force the unreasonable management system, governance structure, service model and industrial layout of the city to become more reasonable, optimized, transparent and efficient. At present, in the process of building smart cities in China, data islands and fragmentation still exist.
"In response to the epidemic, in some places, data can’t be shared and departments are fragmented. Some business systems we have built lack collaborative functions. These problems have exposed many shortcomings in the construction of new smart cities in China." Wang Yukai said, how to make further efforts in these areas, so that smart cities can better serve the people and truly embody people-centered, is the direction of our future efforts.
"Smart cities have developed to today, paying more and more attention to the role of data and data value chain." Gao Xinmin said that the essence of the "urban brain" is to gather data from all aspects of the city, and make intelligent decisions through artificial intelligence analysis and calculation. At present, the biggest bottleneck in the construction of "urban brain" lies in the data convergence. The standards and interfaces of multi-source and inter-departmental data in different information systems are different, and the data circulation mechanism is unclear and the process is not smooth.
Gao Xinmin suggested that to realize data sharing, first of all, there should be a technical framework that can realize data interoperability, and on this basis, there should be rules and system design. Under the principle of respecting security, sovereignty and demand orientation, once there is demand, a data resource pool can be built quickly, supporting specific applications in time and at low cost, and maximizing data value.
Shao Guoan, deputy director of the Information Collaborative Innovation Committee of China Informatization Promotion Alliance, said that in the process of building a new smart city, data standardization is necessary. The data should be classified and managed. For example, key sensitive data such as citizen’s ID number, mobile phone number, name and home address should be encrypted and stored, and other data such as location information can be partially opened and managed as needed.
In the future, we should pay equal attention to technological and institutional innovation.
Recently, Digital China Holdings Limited signed the Weihai Smart City Project. "We will work hard in Weihai." Guo Zhengli, chief operating officer of Shenzhou Holdings, said that it is planned to build Weihai Smart City Operation Integrated Management Center and Weihai "Urban Brain" with "number" and "intelligence" as the core and make full use of emerging technologies such as Internet of Things, big data and artificial intelligence in three years to promote intelligent transformation in transportation, medical care, cultural tourism and education.
"Better city, better life", and beauty is inseparable from wisdom.
Someone once looked forward to the future life like this: driverless cars move forward smoothly under the guidance of intelligent transportation systems; After ordering online, drones and logistics robots will deliver express delivery in time; Before leaving work, the smart home system will turn on the air conditioner and air purifier in advance, and prepare a suitable and fresh home environment … … Experts believe that in the future, in a new smart city, these scenarios will become commonplace.
Zhang Yansheng, chief researcher of China International Economic Exchange Center, believes that in the future, smart city construction should be deeply integrated with the development of productive services, life services and public services to gather global talents; It is deeply integrated with digital technology, digital format and digital innovation to promote the intelligent, automated and networked development of the real economy. At the same time, we should pay attention to the international situation and turn crisis into safety and opportunity in the great changes; We must make up our minds to build and improve the development ecology with independent intellectual property rights, brands and modern industrial systems.
"The driving force for the development of smart cities comes largely from the needs of the new generation." Zhang Yansheng said, from "Millennials" to "Generation Z" to "α Generation ",their different needs for a better life will push the construction of smart cities to a new level; At the same time, they will also become a new force to promote the high-quality development of smart cities. At the same time, we can’t ignore the vulnerable groups who are easily marginalized in the construction of smart cities. We should respond to their concerns in time and guarantee their rights and equal development opportunities.
Experts suggest that in the long run, to promote the development of new smart cities in China, we must pay equal attention to technological and institutional innovation. Strengthen the top-level design of smart cities, and introduce the overall planning or construction guidance of new smart cities at the national level as soon as possible; We will improve the new digital infrastructure, vigorously develop smart pipe networks and smart water services, promote the application of smart lampposts and smart manhole covers, promote the intelligentization of municipal facilities, accelerate the establishment of an Internet of Things perception system for urban components, and improve the digital level of cities.
At the same time, promote the fairness and inclusiveness of public services, establish a public service information system with cross-departmental and cross-regional business collaboration, joint construction and sharing, and explore innovative service models for education, employment, social security, pension, medical care and culture; Deepen the application of urban data fusion, and build an efficient and intelligent urban hub and transparent government; Optimize the ecology of new smart cities and release the vitality of urban data elements through institutional and institutional innovation.