The medical staff are working. Xinhua news agency

　　Production of antiviral drugs. Xinhua news agency

　　editorial comment/note

　　How did the virus originate? What are scientists doing in developing drugs against Covid-19? It is the top priority for Chinese researchers to develop effective clinical drugs for Covid-19, improve the cure rate and reduce the mortality rate. On February 15th, Zhang Xinmin, director of the Biological Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, introduced that the drug screening and treatment program had made positive progress at the press conference held by the the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism on the latest progress of drug research and development and scientific research in Covid-19. The Ministry of Science and Technology organized a national excellent scientific research team to screen more than 70,000 drugs or compounds by computer simulation screening and in vitro enzyme activity test. At present, The scientific research team has focused on a few drugs, and a number of drugs, such as chloroquine phosphate, lundixivir, and farpiravir, have successively carried out clinical trials. At present, some drugs have initially shown good clinical efficacy. This issue focuses on the origin of the virus, drug research and development, and psychological anti-epidemic.

　

　　The structure of most viruses is very simple. Basically, it is a shell made of protein wrapped with some genetic material, which is no different from dead things at ordinary times. Once infected cells, they inject their own genes into the host cells and use the host cells to replicate themselves to produce new viruses. Is the virus a living thing? Where did they come from? Below, let’s take a look at three hypotheses about the origin of the virus.

　　Hypothesis 1 Ancient macromolecules Some macromolecules, such as RNA, DNA and protein, begin to replicate themselves independently or cooperatively, and this stage can be called "molecular life". However, in a peaceful molecular life, there is a different kind, that is, some molecular life, including LUCA, the latest common ancestor of all living things, which has developed a structure that has changed the law of life, that is, cells. Cells with membrane structure can better protect delicate core macromolecules such as RNA and protein, which greatly enhances the adaptability of these organisms, which means that they will rub their original molecular life on the ground. There is a hypothesis (The Virus-First Hypothesis) that the virus is the "adherents" of the primitive molecular life world. This hypothesis was once very popular, after all, the structure of viruses is so simple, even crude, and their differences from cell life are so great.

　　Some viruses can form crystals after purification, which is unimaginable for cell biology. More solid evidence comes from "Virusoid", which is an RNA molecule. Pseudovirus can’t infect cells directly, but it can infect viruses. To be exact, it can copy itself and spread itself by hitchhiking when some viruses infect cells, which can cause some diseases such as human hepatitis D.

　　Hypothesis 2 The gene of "defection" Genes can also defect? Yes, in The Progressive Hypothesis, genes will do anything to keep themselves alive.

　　There is a small circular DNA called "plasmid" widely in bacteria. These genes are basically a group of wage earners and temporary workers. Bacteria can absorb them from the environment for their own use at any time, and they can also drive them away at any time.

　　In many bacteria, in addition to their original DNA, there are often some small fragments of circular DNA, which are called plasmids. So in the long evolution, some plasmids learned one thing: we should not work all our lives! These plasmids changed from wage earners to wage earners, which in turn hijacked their bacterial boss and took away all the nutrients of bacteria to replicate themselves. Over time, some plasmids become viruses.

　　Bacteria often suffer from a kind of virus infection called "phage". Some people think that phage comes from plasmid. The cells and bacteria of human beings and all animals and plants are very different. We all belong to "eukaryotes". There are no plasmids like bacteria in the cells, but there are still some genes waiting to move. They refused to stay on the chromosome, but jumped around in the nucleus, running to this chromosome for a while and running to that chromosome for a while. However, these naughty genes do have a name of sage like type — — Transposon (transposon)

　　According to the detection of molecular biology, many transposons have very similar gene sequences to viruses, and the mechanism of integrating themselves into the chromosomes of host cells is also highly similar. In particular, the "Retrotransposon" among them is almost as similar as some viruses, and the only difference is that these transposons cannot migrate from cell to cell like viruses.

　　However, the origin of viruses is still confusing here, because they don’t follow the evolutionary model of general organisms at all.

　　The general process of virus infection is: inject your own genes into the host cells, then use the host cells to copy your own genes, and make all kinds of materials needed to construct virus particles. Finally, manipulate the cells to package all parts of virus particles together with the virus genes into new virus particles and release them to infect other cells. But in this process, the virus is exchanging genes with various organisms all the time.

　　For example, when a virus directs a host cell to package virus particles, it sometimes packages some host cell DNA, or accidentally leaves a little bit of its own gene in the host cell. There is a gene in mammals to prevent the maternal immune system from attacking the fetus, that is, a virus accidentally landed in our cells more than 100 million years ago. When the virus spreads across species, it often leads to the transfer of genes from one species to another.

　　Hypothesis 3 Decaying cellular organisms. After entering the 21st century, a series of discoveries began to make scientists more aware that there are other possibilities for the origin of the virus.

　　In 2003, scientists discovered a very unreasonable virus — — "Mimivirus", the size of this virus has reached 0.4 to 0.5 microns, which is almost the same as bacteria under the microscope. The coronavirus that caused this epidemic is considered to be a relatively large type of virus, and its size is less than 0.1 micron.

　　In 2008, scientists discovered the second big virus, and named it "Mamavirus". Since then, one kind of "Giant Virus" has appeared in human vision one after another. By the time Pandoravirus was discovered in 2013, the record of the largest virus was even more than 1 micron.

　　Pandora virus, the largest known virus, looks almost the same as a bacterium.

　　Since then, the boundaries between viruses and some single-celled organisms have become blurred. For example, the structure and genes of Bacteroides virus are very similar to those of a single-celled organism called archaea. The only difference is that Bacteroides virus has lost a part of the key genes that independently complete cell division, so it has to parasitize in the cells of other organisms and use the cells of the host to grow and reproduce.

　　So there is the third hypothesis of the origin of the virus (The Regressive Hypothesis), which holds that the virus is essentially a degenerate creature. Some single-celled organisms gradually degenerate most of their cell structures in the long-term parasitic life, and finally become this "living dead" general appearance, and the flow like bacteroides virus is an archaea that has just begun to degenerate.

　　Why do deadly viruses always come from wild animals? Let’s analyze it from the perspective of evolution.

　　The "best" virus does not cause too serious symptoms (otherwise it will kill the host itself), but it should not be too gentle (after all, the host is often infected with other viruses at the same time, so it is still necessary to grab resources). Therefore, in the long evolution, this game will promote the virus to finally reach a certain tacit understanding with the host. For example, human beings and rhinoviruses that may cause the common cold belong to this relationship.

　　However, the virus will mutate, and some mutations will cause the host of the virus to change. Without the tacit understanding of long-term running-in between the virus and the new host, there will be the problem of "not paying attention to it", and some of them will bring fatal diseases to the host.

　　In the long-term evolution, human beings have reached a perfect tacit understanding with the viruses that accompanied them all the way from ancient ancestors, and the viruses from livestock, such as measles and flu, are not perfect, but they are somewhat tacit, so they rarely cause serious epidemics. Only the virus from wild animals has nothing to do with human beings, so almost all the diseases that caused the great plague came from wild animals. Therefore, I hope everyone can stay away from wild animals, including stray animals, and don’t raise or eat wild animals.

　　(Author: Tang Cheng Author: Center for Excellence and Innovation of Brain Science and Intelligent Technology, China Academy of Sciences)

　　Recently, the National Bureau of Statistics released data. In April, the national consumer price rose by 2.5% year-on-year. Among them, the price of fresh fruit rose by 11.9%, which affected the CPI by about 0.22%.

　　According to media reports, the CPI data of 31 provinces in April have also been released one after another. Don’t look at the classification, there are 13 provinces with a year-on-year increase in fresh fruits, and 18 provinces with an increase of over 10%.

　　Why is the price of fruit "rising" recently? When will the price stabilize in the future?

　　On May 23, CCTV Financial Review invitedGuo Liyan, a researcher at the Market Institute of China Macroeconomic Research Institute, andWang Guan, a commentator of Yangguang Finance and Economics, was a guest in the studio.

　　Why is the fruit "rising"?

　　Guo Liyan: The seasonal supply gap of fresh fruit is bigger than in previous years.

　　Guo Liyan, a researcher at the Market Institute of China Macroeconomic Research Institute: The seasonal supply gap of fresh fruit is larger than in previous years, and there are several factors. The first is from 2018 to 2019.Disastrous weather occurred in different degrees in the southern and northern fruit producing areas during the growing period, and it is a gap period in the fruit market at present.

　　In addition,At the beginning of this year, there was a cold spring, and the handling cost and labor cost in some parts of the south also increased during the rain. Coupled with the increase in transportation costs, the price of fresh fruit rose.

　　Crown: "Yan value economy" has become a price pusher

　　Wang Guan, commentator of Yangguang Finance and Economics: From another perspective, I noticed that the number of fruits imported from Beijing Xinfadi is increasing, and the price of fruits is also rising.The impact of the increase in the proportion of high-end fruits such as foreign imports and organic fruits.

　　Consumers’ demand for "fine fruits" is increasing, which leads to the continuous improvement of the quality and grade of fruits. In addition, with the development of cities, some traditional farmers’ markets gradually fade out.The sales channels of new fruit specialty stores or comprehensive supermarkets, and the cost of property are increasing. These factors have promoted the price of fruit to a certain extent.

　　When will "low-key fruit" return?

　　News link:

　　Liu Aihua, spokesperson of the National Bureau of Statistics, said recently that the price of fresh fruit is affected by seasonal factors of extreme weather, and the seasonal short-term impact is not sustainable.The rise in the price of fresh fruit will not last at a high level.

　　Guo Liyan, a researcher at the Market Research Institute of China Macroeconomic Research Institute: From June to August, summer fruits began to be listed in batches, and melons such as watermelons and cantaloupes were gradually listed, which would lower the whole fruit market price.

　　By September, as new apples mature and enter the market this year, the price of fresh fruit will be stabilized, and with the gradual increase of supply, the price of fresh fruit will gradually stabilize.

　　Crown: E-commerce giants actively enter the market, price subsidies attract traffic

　　Wang Guan, commentator of Yangguang Finance: Now online shopping has become the choice of many consumers. Nowadays, e-commerce has entered an era of digging deep into stocks, and various shopping apps are attracting everyone’s attention.

　　Recently, everyone will see that at least 3 to 4 home appliance manufacturers have entered fruit producing areas, such as litchi producing areas, hoping to compete for traffic through the docking of e-commerce and fruit farmers. Consumers will download the APP and get discounts when buying fruits.These promotional measures are aimed at targeting the market and competing for users, but they also bring certain benefits to consumers.

　　Guo Liyan: Smooth supply channels, fruit prices will fall seasonally, and the price base will be solid.

　　Guo Liyan, a researcher at the Market Research Institute of China Macroeconomic Research Institute, said: People’s consumption is upgrading, and the quality of consumption is also upgrading. Now, we choose the best from the fruit seed industry.

　　I think subtraction should be done as far as possible around fruit production, storage, circulation, retail and distribution, so that it can reach the people through simple links and reduce costs. In addition, we should improve the quality of service supply.

　　On the other hand, around the supply, we can look at it from a broader perspective. Some good high-end fruits imported from abroad, such as fruits from Southeast Asia and other places, can be matched out of season, and some fruits can also expand their stocks. In the case of low stocks, we can stabilize the price of fresh fruits by expanding overseas supply, improving stocks and unblocking channels, which provides strong support for food prices. I think there is a solid foundation for stabilizing prices.

　　Crown: price increase and slow sales coexist. Agricultural modernization needs to be accelerated

　　Wang Guan, commentator of Yangguang Finance: Recently, fruit prices are rising, but this year,In some places, fruits are also unsalable.

　　Because the freshness of fruits is relatively strong, the sales channels are not smooth for a short time, which reflects to some extent that there is a relatively high room for improvement in order agriculture, and our agricultural modernization needs to be accelerated in the future.

Wisteria (Chinese painting) Wu Guanzhong is selected from the Chinese Art Palace (Shanghai Art Museum) "Chinese Scenery-Lin Fengmian and Wu Guanzhong Art Exhibition"

I read Wang Zengqi’s novel "The Apprentice", in which I wrote that the great grandfather of the fourth season was jealous of the people, and I thought of Mr. Wang himself.

Mr. Wang is famous for painting, and he also wants to be a painter. His father is a painter. He went to The National SouthWest Associated University at the age of 19. Mr. Wang once said that if he failed, he would go to the National College of Fine Arts. However, Mr. Wang has been admitted. If he fails, he will go to the Art College. Perhaps there will be another master in the history of modern painting in China.

The plot of The Appreciator is very simple, telling the story of a great painter and a fruit delivery vendor. It is also a story about a bosom friend. We all know that Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi, one playing the piano and the other listening to the piano, performed a deep feeling of "high mountains and flowing water". Although Ye San is a fruit vendor, he knows Ji Xianmin and his paintings. Ji Xianmin’s paintings are never seen by people, but he can see them in Yuzryha. Ye San’s appreciation of his paintings is what Ji Xianmin is proud of. Ji Jian-min painted the wrong lotus, and Ye San pointed it out, so Ji Jian-min repainted it and gave it to Ye San. Sometimes Ji Jian-min gave Ye San a painting without the title, and Yuzryha San could sell it. Ye San said, I won’t sell any of your paintings. Sure enough, after Ye San’s death, according to his will, his son buried all the paintings given by Ji Yumin.

Mr. Wang Zengqi knows Chinese painting. He wrote this novel to pay tribute to the literati paintings in China after the Song and Yuan Dynasties (he knew many painters in ancient China), and also devoted his understanding of China ink painting (including techniques) to the text. For example, Mr. Wang painted the ink lotus and wisteria, such as "there is wind in wisteria, and the flowers are messy". Mr. Wang himself painted many wisteria with this kind of messy flowers.

During his visit to Iowa, Mr. Wang gave a speech entitled "My Creative Career". When talking about the relationship between China’s literature and painting, he said that some people say that his novels are poetic novels, but he hopes that some people will say that his novels are picturesque novels.

This is really what Mr. Wang hopes, and it is also the case. Mr. Wang’s works are indeed full of painting meaning-China’s ink spirit, the art of blank space in Chinese painting.

He also visited some art galleries and museums in America. In the Boston Museum, he saw a Song Huizong’s copy of Zhang Xuan’s "Dao Lian Tu" and admired it immensely. He mentioned this painting in a conversation and said, "That thread is so long that I can’t wait to kowtow to it when I write it." In the novel, Mr. Wang used Zhang Daqian to write about the painting of Mohe lotus by Ji Yumin, saying that "the lotus leaves he painted are not hooked, and the lotus stalks are not pricked, and he likes to make them long, and the lotus stalks are very long, and they are all in one stroke." This is all Mr. Wang’s own experience.

Author: Subei

Text: Northern Jiangsu Picture: Wu Guanzhong Editor: Wu Dongkun Editor: Shu Ming

Please indicate the source when reprinting this article.

　　Some netizens often ask: "I work outside, and I often don’t have enough vegetables. What should I do if I don’t have enough nutrition?" I always feel uncomfortable if I don’t eat vegetables! Is there any food that can replace the nutrition of fresh vegetables? Can taking multivitamin pills replace eating vegetables? "

　　Indeed, many people go to barren hills or deserts, to foreign countries, to frontier areas and to poverty-stricken areas because of work needs, or for reasons such as teaching and helping the poor. These places often do not have enough fresh vegetables to supply. Even if there are vegetables, they are mostly radishes, cabbages and potatoes, especially leafy vegetables lacking dark green.

　　If it’s ten days and a half, that’s fine. Get over it first, and then make it up when you come back. However, if it is a few months, or even a year or two, the lack of vegetables will inevitably affect your health.

　　As we all know, adequate vegetables are very important for supplying vitamin C, folic acid, vitamin B2, vitamin K, potassium, calcium, magnesium, dietary fiber and various antioxidant substances.

　　Ideally, there should be vegetables in the meal, and 300 to 500 grams of vegetables are eaten every day, and this weight does not include the part thrown into the trash can, but the part that is directly imported.

　　In the case of really not eating enough, you can take the following seven remedial measures. Although it can’t completely solve the problem, it can at least reduce some damage to the nutritional balance and make the body get more comprehensive nutritional and health care ingredients.

　　Temporarily supplement multivitamins.

　　If the dose of vitamin supplements is not too large, close to the normal amount of reasonable dietary intake, taking supplements is harmless. All the worries about supplements are in the case of large quantities. The vitamin content of some products is ten times or even dozens of times the daily recommended value, which is not suitable for long-term use.

　　It must be recognized that although these nutrient supplements can prevent vitamin deficiency, they cannot replace all the health functions of vegetables, such as supplying potassium, calcium and magnesium, dietary fiber, antioxidants and other phytochemicals.

　　Prepare some dried vegetables.

　　You can buy some dried vegetables that can rise after soaking in water, take them to your work area, or order them online. Such as dried seaweed (Undaria pinnatifida, kelp, etc.), dried mushrooms, dried mushrooms, dried fungus, dried bamboo shoots, and evergreen (dried vegetables), as a supplement to the lack of vegetables.

　　Dried products are convenient to store and carry, and it is also convenient to cook dishes after soaking. For example, put some soaked fungus and mushrooms in cooking, add some soaked bamboo shoots and mushrooms in stew and chicken, and add some soaked Undaria pinnatifida in soup, all of which are quite delicious.

　　Although there are fewer vitamins after drying, at least a lot of minerals and dietary fiber can be supplemented. Minerals such as potassium, calcium and magnesium can still be preserved after drying. In particular, most dietary fiber can be preserved, which is very helpful to prevent constipation.

　　Substitute potato, sweet potato, yam and other potatoes.

　　Potato is a kind of food between vegetables and staple food. It contains starch, vitamin C, rich potassium, and some antioxidants, and its dietary fiber content is much higher than that of white rice and white flour.

　　If potatoes are used to replace part of white rice and steamed bread, more vitamin C, B vitamins, potassium and dietary fiber can be obtained on the premise of the same total carbohydrate.

　　For people who need to lose weight, we must pay attention to the fact that when eating potatoes, we should not put oil and salt. Instead, we should put them in a rice cooker and steam them with rice, and reduce the amount of white rice and flour while eating potatoes.

　　For people who need to gain weight, adding some potato foods such as potatoes and yam to their daily staple food, such as stewing potatoes into vegetables, is just conducive to gaining weight.

　　Increase the number of daily vegetables

　　In some remote areas, although there are no fresh green leafy vegetables, there are still some storable vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, radish, onion and carrot.

　　Although Chinese cabbage is not as nutritious as green leafy vegetables, it still contains a certain amount of vitamin C, dietary fiber and minerals.

　　As long as you increase your food intake and eat more Chinese cabbage, you can get more nutrients and partially make up for the loss of insufficient varieties. This is the so-called "quantity compensation for insufficient quality". Carrot itself is a good thing. Eating some often can at least prevent vitamin A deficiency.

　　Send bean sprouts and bean sprouts to increase green leafy vegetables.

　　You can use soybeans, black beans, peas, etc. to soak them and eat them yourself to increase the variety of vegetables. Bud sprouts can spread green leaves as long as they see light, which belongs to green leafy vegetables. Common sprout vegetables include radish seedlings, buckwheat seedlings and peanut seedlings. The sprouts taste good and can be fried. Radish seedlings and buckwheat seedlings can also be eaten raw and cold directly.

　　Even if there are only wheat and barley seeds, they can be made into wheat seedlings, then cut off and beaten into juice with their own beater. This is the best "green juice".

　　It would be better if you could bring some seeds of green leafy vegetables such as Chinese cabbage and rape. You can get fresh vegetables by growing your own vegetables.

　　Order canned vegetables online

　　At present, there are many canned vegetables, such as canned tomatoes, canned green beans, canned mushrooms, canned asparagus, canned pickles, canned corn shoots, canned/bagged ketchup, etc., and the price of ordering in boxes is not high.

　　Although canned food loses some vitamin C, it is not zero, and there is no loss of dietary fiber and potassium. It is convenient for storage and transportation, so direct order is enough. Take it out every day and eat a little at every meal, which still plays a big role in supplying nutrition.

　　With all kinds of flower and fruit tea materials that can be soaked in water.

　　Prepare your favorite tea, coffee, dried rose, dried chrysanthemum, dried roselle, dried lemon, etc., and make a drink with hot water. Although the quantity is limited, it can increase the supply of potassium, vitamin C, organic acids and some antioxidant substances.

　　The so-called methods are always more difficult. As long as these methods are used in combination, we can overcome the difficulty of insufficient vegetables, and make our diet life much richer and healthier.

　　Text/Fan Zhihong (Director of China Nutrition Society)

　　People’s livelihood investigation bureau

　　Editor’s note:

　　This is the People’s Livelihood Investigation Bureau, which has never been seen before, investigating the changes in people’s livelihood. Pay attention to what you want to pay attention to and what you don’t, and investigate what you want to see and what you don’t see.

　　Chinanews. com client Beijing May 14 th:Litchi is too expensive to eat? Have you achieved "fruit freedom"?

　　Author Xie yiguan

　　Recently, after the "free cherries", the "free litchi" is fond of hot search again. In fact, is litchi really so expensive this year? Is "fruit freedom" really hard to achieve?

　　Is litchi expensive or not? Some people say it’s expensive, others say it’s not.

　　Under Weibo’s comment of "Litchi Freedom", many netizens complained that Litchi was too expensive to eat. Some people even said that 60 yuan is nothing but a catty, and 79 yuan, a small city on the 18th line, is a catty.

　　Is litchi really expensive? The reporter randomly visited several supermarkets in Beijing and found that the price of litchi was mostly concentrated in more than ten yuan a catty.

　　In a Yonghui lifestyle shop in Beijing, the reporter saw that the price of Feizixiao (a variety of litchi) was 15.98 yuan a catty, and there was not much left.

　　In a large supermarket in Fengtai, the price of princess smile is 19.8 yuan a catty. An old couple stopped at the stall for a long time and then looked at other fruits.

　　In another community store, the unit price of litchi is also 19.8 yuan, and 24.8 yuan can be seen on the yellow price tag.

　　A nearby resident said that litchi was cheaper last year. I remember that when I bought it in June, it was less than 10 yuan a catty. "The price is a bit expensive now, and I haven’t bought it this year."

　　In a large supermarket in Luohe, Henan, the price of litchi is also 19.8 yuan per catty. Liu Wei, a resident of Luohe, Henan Province, said, "I feel that few people around me buy it."

　　However, some residents feel that the price of litchi is still appropriate. Xiao Li, who lives in Beijing, said, "The litchi I bought two days ago is 10 yuan a catty, which doesn’t feel as expensive as everyone said."

　　A vendor working in Xinfadi wholesale market also said, "This year’s litchi is 10 yuan a catty, which is cheaper than in previous years."

　　On an e-commerce platform, the reporter saw that a merchant in Nanning, Guangxi, made a price of 59.9 yuan and 6 Jin for Feizixiao Litchi. After accounting, it is less than one Jin in 10 yuan, and the current monthly sales volume is tens of thousands.

　　This year’s "litchi is expensive" may be

　　— — Litchi has not yet come into the market in large quantities.

　　"Different litchi varieties have different mature seasons. At present, litchi is just on the market, and most of the varieties sold in the market are in the early stage, so the price is definitely more expensive. After a while, after many varieties of litchi are listed, the price will drop, and the possibility of being cheaper than last year is not ruled out. " Zhu Xianhong, Guangxi Qinzhou Fruit Circulation Association, told reporters.

　　Some netizens also said that according to the past situation, after a period of time, litchi will be listed in large quantities, and the price will naturally come down.

　　— — There is a big price difference among different varieties.

　　There are many varieties of litchi, such as March Red, Feizixiao, White Sugar Papaver, Guiwei, Gualv, Xiangli and glutinous rice paste. Different varieties have different tastes and prices. For example, the price of white sugar poppy, which is close to the listing time of Princess Smile, is much higher than that of Princess Smile.

　　Recently, it has been reported by the media that a catty of litchi in 60 yuan is white sugar poppy, and the price of Feizixiao is much more "affordable". Therefore, "litchi is expensive" among some people, which may be the reason for buying more expensive varieties.

　　— — In the next year, the output drops.

　　"Last year was a big year for litchi production, and this year is a small year. The output may not be as good as last year, making the price slightly higher than last year." Liu Tong, manager of statistics department of agricultural and sideline products wholesale market in Xinfadi, said.

　　According to the news released by Guangdong Station of China Weather Network, after last year’s bumper harvest, litchi trees consumed a lot of nutrients, resulting in insufficient basic energy materials for flower formation. In winter of 2018-2019, the temperature was high, and litchi trees could not accumulate nutrients well for flower bud differentiation, which affected the yield of litchi this year.

　　The reduction of litchi production means a decline in supply, which in turn drives up the price. According to media reports, the agricultural department of Guangdong Province introduced that from the recent field prices of early-maturing litchi varieties, "March Red" in Gaozhou, western Guangdong, is 15-20 yuan/kg, and "White Sugar Poppy" in Xuwen, Zhanjiang, is 10-15 yuan/kg, which should be the highest price range of this variety in recent ten years.

　　Many fruits such as apples have gone up in price.

　　The reporter found that in Weibo’s comments on "Litchi Freedom", many people replied that the prices of apples, oranges and other fruits also rose.

　　In the wholesale market of Xinfadi, many vendors also reported that many fruits did increase in price this year.

　　According to Lao Zheng, who sells fruits in Xinfadi boutique fruit area, compared with last year, "the price of bayberry has increased by one piece, the price of grapes has increased by 5 hairs, and 80% of fruits have increased in price."

　　Many merchants said that Apple is much more expensive this year than last year.

　　An apple vendor said, "Now the price of apples is more than 5 yuan a catty, compared with more than 3 yuan last year, which is more than half of the price."

　　In addition to apples, pears have also experienced some price increases this year. Merchants who do fresh pear wholesale business told reporters that a box of pears is now one-third more expensive than last year. "But this year’s pear production is good. With the listing of new pears, the price will be adjusted." He added.

　　At the same time, there are bananas and watermelons. Some merchants told reporters that bananas are 3 yuan more expensive than last year. In addition, the current purchase price of watermelon is 1.8-2.3 yuan, which is slightly higher than the same period of last year.

　　The price changes in the wholesale market are also reflected in the price tags of major supermarkets.

　　"Fruits have generally gone up in price. Take apples for example, the price has gone up by half." A vendor selling fruit in a vegetable market in Fengtai said.

　　In several supermarkets in Beijing, the price of ordinary apples is around 8-9 yuan per catty. "It was two or three yuan cheaper than this last year." A customer said, "Now pears have reached 8 or 9 yuan, and even bananas are more than 4 yuan a catty, which really has increased a lot."

　　Not only in Beijing, "Shaanxi apples in supermarket chains are 9.8 kilos, and medium-sized apples in ordinary small fruit shops are also around 7 yuan, so I feel that I can’t afford apples." Lily li, a student in Xiamen, also said.

　　Lin Jinzhi, who works in Changsha, Hunan, spoke out, "Cherry is already expensive, but now it is more expensive. The last time I bought it, it cost 178 yuan a catty, and I almost returned it when I checked out."

　　Many netizens also listed the price list of fruits to prove that the price of fruits is too high.

　　On a nationwide scale, the prices of various fruits are on the rise.

　　According to the monitoring of the "National Agricultural Products Wholesale Market Price Information System" of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuji Apple has been the biggest gainer among fruits. Since mid-March, the ring has been on the increase year-on-year. In the past two weeks, the year-on-year increase has even exceeded 40%. In addition, after the Spring Festival, the price of bananas has been higher than that of the same period last year, and the price of watermelons has been rising year-on-year for nearly two months.

　　The fruit retail data released recently in many places also point to the same result: price increase.

　　For example, according to the information released by the Guangdong Provincial Department of Commerce, the average retail price of fruits increased by 0.2% from May 6 to May 12. Due to the rainy weather last week, the transportation and storage costs of fruits increased slightly, driving the overall price of fruits to rise.

　　According to the data of Guangxi Provincial Department of Commerce, from May 6 to May 12, the retail price of fruits was 9.46 yuan/kg, and the price increased by 1.94% from the previous month. Among the seven retail fruit varieties monitored, the retail prices of apples, grapes, pears, watermelons and lychees rose.

　　Why do fruits increase in price?

　　"The overall price of fruits is higher than last year, and the prices of apples and pears have doubled, mainly because of inventory." Liu Tong said.

　　"Because the weather conditions were not very good last spring, the low temperature weather lasted for a long time, and it was often windy in the north in March and April, which made it spend a lot and the fruit setting rate decreased. All fruits that bloom in spring and bear fruit in autumn have basically reduced production, including apples, pears, kiwifruit, grapes and citrus in some areas. Affected by the strong wind in the north, the output of apples and pears has been greatly reduced. Now pears, kiwis and apples are at the end of the inventory, and the new fruits have not yet come up, and the prices will be higher. "

　　The vendor selling apples in Xinfadi also said, "Due to hail and frost, the output of apples decreased last year, and now they are all out of stock."

　　"The price increase of fruit is actually a normal phenomenon," Liu Tong also stressed. "Now the quality of fruit is better than the original, and the requirements for packaging and sorting are higher. Many bad fruits have been picked out, and the market is good, and the price must be high."

　　Secondly, the increase in labor costs and transportation costs mentioned by merchants also has a certain impact on the price of fruits.

　　It is worth noting that Australian cherries, New Zealand kiwis, etc. are now highly sought after by people who are pursuing high-quality life, and the import volume has increased year after year.

　　The report Analysis and Forecast of Rural Economic Situation in China (2018-2019) shows that in 2018, China imported 8.42 billion US dollars of fruits, an increase of 34.5% over the previous year.

　　The price of imported fruits is often higher than that of domestic fruits. The example of "selling cherries and buying a kiwi in 10 yuan" is not uncommon. These high-priced fruits have undoubtedly boosted the domestic fruit price.

　　Are there any fruits on sale?

　　So many fruits have gone up in price. Is there any fruit that has gone down in price?

　　Liu Tong revealed that the prices of grapes and mangoes have dropped because of the launch of new products.

　　National agricultural products wholesale market monitoring data show that the price of pineapple has decreased this year compared with last year.

　　In some supermarkets, "you can buy a pineapple for a dozen dollars."

　　Some minority fruits, such as carambola and guava, have no change in price because of their small audience.

　　People who like to eat these fruits can eat them with an open stomach.

　　If you can’t even afford cheap fruit, a netizen has a "good idea" to eat cucumbers and tomatoes as fruits.

　　Have you achieved "fruit freedom"? (End)

Click the picture to watch the video.

During the Spring Festival holiday this year, many families chose to travel. Xiamen, Fujian is a popular destination for Spring Festival travel. Xiamen has a unique style, the city is on the sea, the sea is in the city, beaches, blue sea, blue sky, green trees, beautiful scenery, crowds of tourists and delicious snacks are all people’s impressions of Xiamen. But you may not know that Xiamen once faced environmental and ecological problems such as water pollution and beach degradation. So what kind of butterfly changes has this coastal city experienced before it becomes today’s high-quality, high-value, modern and international Xiamen?

龙年新春，厦门岛上，游人如织。白天，大家在沙滩享受海岛风情；夜晚，厦门市中心的新春灯光秀，介绍这座海岛的前世今生。灯光秀上演的地方叫作筼筜湖。很难想象，这么热闹的一个地方，30多年前，却因为居民增加、企业入驻、生活污水和工业废水排放，变成一个人人避之不及的臭水湖。

上世纪80年代，市民反映非常强烈，筼筜湖治理被政府提上了议事日程。1988年，一场“综合治理筼筜湖”的专题会议在厦门召开，会议主持人是当时的厦门市委常委、常务副市长习近平同志，他为筼筜湖治理定下了“依法治湖、截污处理、清淤筑岸、搞活水体、美化环境”的二十字方针。同时决定，厦门市连续三年每年投入1000万元整治筼筜湖。

时任福建厦门市公用事业局副局长张益河介绍，总书记定下了二十字方针，给生态保护、生态恢复、水污染治理开了先河，是厦门的“第一炮”。

之后，厦门市政府印发了《筼筜湖管理办法》，依法关停、搬迁污染企业，在筼筜湖边建成了第一座污水处理厂。大规模清淤后，清出的淤泥就地堆起湖心岛。筼筜湖和外海的通道被打开，岸边绿化工作跟进。1992年，筼筜湖上举行了第一次龙舟赛。

生态环境部副部长郭芳介绍，当时我们的语境是“发展是硬道理”，当时能够提出不以环境作为代价来换取一时一地的发展，非常有前瞻性。筼筜湖治理二十个字，很好体现了系统治理、科学治理的理念。

36年来，筼筜湖已历经5期大规模治理，市长抓治湖的机制延续至今。今天，湖区已经建立了数字化污水管理系统，通过潮汐纳水，不到3天时间就能将湖水更换一遍，当年的淤泥堆出的湖心岛，如今已经成为了各种鸟类的家园。

今天，筼筜湖不仅是厦门市民最爱去的地方之一，筼筜湖环岛路片区已经发展成为总部经济区，吸引国内外众多企业来此落户。

福建省委常委、厦门市委书记崔永辉介绍，习近平总书记当年提出的二十字方针内含着人民至上、问题导向、系统观念等世界观与方法论层面的深刻思想。36年中，厦门始终遵循这二十字方针，一张蓝图绘到底，一届接着一届干，昔日的臭水湖成为今天市民休闲的好去处和城市会客厅。

习近平同志在厦门工作期间，对生态环境的保护一直非常重视。除了提出二十字筼筜湖治理方针，他主持编写的《1985年－2000年厦门经济社会发展战略》中，用一个章节专门论述了厦门市城镇体系与生态环境问题。2000年，厦门岛内特区发展蒸蒸日上，但是岛外各区的建设差距却很明显，此时的厦门，来到了一个发展的路口。

福建省委常委、厦门市委书记崔永辉介绍，2002年6月，时任福建省省长的习近平同志深入厦门调研，提出了“提升本岛、跨岛发展”战略，进一步阐发了城市发展转型与生态环境保护相统一的思想。

观音山沙滩是厦门东北部最大的沙滩之一，即使寒潮来临，也挡不住游客们亲海的脚步。厦门岛东北部自古以来就有沙滩。然而，20年前，因为牡蛎养殖、外海挖沙等活动，这片沙滩不断退化、侵蚀，几乎变成了乱石岗。当时，厦门岛周边几个海湾都面临类似的问题，海湾内水质恶化，岸边侵蚀严重。厦门要实现跨海发展，必须先对海湾进行综合整治。

时任福建厦门市海洋与渔业局副局长周鲁闵介绍，湾区的整治为整个城市拥湾发展创造了一个很好的条件，我们关注的重点从污染防治向生态系统健康层面来提升。

面对更加复杂的海湾治理，筼筜湖治理二十字方针再次提供了指引。厦门市陆续发布10多部与海洋保护相关的法律法规，各个海湾依法开始了养殖清退、清淤整治、退垦还海，陆地污水被收集处理后再排放入海，组织专门力量日常清理海漂垃圾。厦门市还改造了7道海堤，加速海水流动，推动海洋生态系统的自我修复。

2006年，观音山沙滩也开始了修复，专家们用120万立方米的沙子多期次进行修复，2.4公里的沙滩最宽处达到80多米，比一般沙滩更宽，岸边其他开发的空间虽然被压缩了，却让这里成了厦门最热门的沙滩之一。

同一时间，厦门不同的海湾根据自身的自然条件，有的修建浪漫沙滩步道，有的种植红树林，有的建成湿地公园。自然生态环境改善后，不仅推动了旅游经济的升温，还吸引了其他产业的到来。观音山沙滩对面的商务区，吸引了众多企业总部入驻。

福建省委常委、厦门市委书记崔永辉介绍，厦门始终遵循习近平总书记的要求，坚持可持续发展，坚持发展为了人民，把最美的滨海空间作为公共产品留给了市民和游客。如果说这些舍得到了什么，我想得到的是更高品质的人居环境和更高质量的产业形态。事实证明，高水平保护与高质量发展是可以统一起来的。

进入新时代，在习近平生态文明思想的科学指引下，厦门的海湾型城市建设也进入了新的阶段。军营村是厦门海拔最高的村庄，这里的村民一直靠茶树种植发展经济。1986年和1997年，当时在福建工作的习近平同志曾两次来到这里，每一次都关注这里的环境和发展。

福建厦门市军营村党支部书记高泉伟介绍，第一次讲“山上戴帽 山下开发”，那时候他看到我们村里树木都砍光了，连杂草也割回去当作肥料，其实是叫我们管好山管好水。第二次叫我们既要种茶种果，也别忘了森林绿化。

从军营村流出的山泉滴水成河，流入厦门市最长的河流东西溪，一路向海，最终汇入厦门同安湾。曾经的东西溪，因为上游生活污水收集不全、农业种植养殖污水排放等原因，水质无法保障，也影响了同安湾的环境。

党的十八大以来，我国开始探索生态保护红线划定，厦门市包括军营村在内的大块区域被划入了生态红线，红线内各类造成污染的种植养殖开始清退，经济活动让位于生态涵养。

福建厦门市同安区生态环境局局长王和团介绍，红线是绝对不能开发的，不能有污染开发的。我们建立了生态补偿机制，通过其他（方式）来补偿退养，东西溪分成31个管控区进行分区管控、分区开发。

In 2023, after the publication of the first outline of national land and space planning in China, Xiamen took the lead in compiling and implementing the "Xiamen Land and Space Master Plan (2021-2035)", establishing a protection pattern from the top of the mountain to the ocean, and clearly positioning the functions of each region.

Sun Shuxian, Vice Minister of Natural Resources, said that Xiamen is at the forefront of national multi-regulation, strengthening the management and control of marine and coastal land space, and coordinating and solving the spatial contradictions and conflicts in ecological construction, environmental protection and social and economic development, and has achieved remarkable results.

Nowadays, after more than 30 years of afforestation, the hills around Junying Village are lush, and the village relies on green industries such as tea and eco-tourism to get rid of poverty and become rich. In the area where the East-West Stream passes, after the pollution sources have been cleared, urban rainwater and sewage diversion and rural sewage transformation have been carried out, and the water quality has been greatly improved. After restoration, the river bank near the river basin has become a good place for citizens to relax and entertain.

Tongan New Town in the lower reaches of Dongxixi River, relying on a good ecological environment, has built a livable and suitable Xiamen Science City, attracting a large number of high-tech enterprises and scientific research teams to settle in.

In the past 36 years, starting from the policy of "the Twenty-Cross Lake", Xiamen has developed from a harbor-type scenic city to a bay-type eco-city, which has helped high-quality development with high-level marine ecological restoration, providing valuable experience for other cities in China to balance high-level protection and high-quality development.

自然资源部副部长孙书贤介绍，“厦门实践”生动诠释了人与自然和谐共生的深刻内涵，有力证明了碧海银滩也是金山银山，启示我们必须注重高质量发展和高水平保护修复相统一，站在人与自然和谐共生的高度谋划发展。

国家发展和改革委员会副主任赵辰昕介绍，习近平总书记指引厦门走出了一条人与海洋和谐共生的高质量发展道路。下一步，国家发展改革委将把坚持高质量发展作为新时代的硬道理，将习近平生态文明思想的“厦门实践”重要的经验做法，总结运用到发展改革工作当中，深入推进陆域、流域、海湾、海域高水平保护和高质量发展，推进美丽中国建设不断迈向新的台阶。

今天的厦门“抬头仰望是清新的蓝，环顾四周是怡人的绿”。从筼筜湖治理的二十字方针，到厦门海湾的科学治理和修复，再到建立从山顶到海洋的生态保护格局，36年时间，厦门以生态环境治理、生态系统修复、生态网络构建，为城市发展创造良好生态基底，探索出了一条高质量发展之路，也成为了向世界展现中国特色生态文明建设的窗口。每一片山海都是宝贵的自然资源，需要我们好好珍惜，用心爱护，才能成为造福百姓的美丽风景、助推经济的金山银山。

Willow silk spits green, spring flowers sprout,

Handfuls of fresh spring vegetables emerged from the soil.

Some people say that the best way to make your body feel spring,

Is to "eat" spring into your stomach,

Let’s take a look at these spring dinner tables

What are the indispensable seasonal foods ~

Capsella bursa-pastoris

Su Shi, a great writer, once said, "It is better to cook mountain soup for a monk’s house than to seek wild grass around the wheat field." Shepherd’s purse is an out-and-out natural green nourishing food, which is not only a spring vegetable in wild vegetables, but also delicious on the tip of the tongue.

Shepherd’s purse and fresh meat wonton

For Shanghainese who love wonton, the shepherd’s purse wonton in spring is more delicious and full of fresh field aroma. Take a bite, keep your lips and teeth fragrant, eat one, the fragrance will fill your heart, taste it, and the fragrance will overflow in spring.

Fried rice cake with shredded pork and shepherd’s purse

A plate of fried rice cakes that is most suitable for spring, shepherd’s purse and shredded pork with rice cakes, is very attractive just visually. If you add some winter bamboo shoots, you will have to eat more!

Shepherd’s purse and bean curd soup

The smoothness of tofu, coupled with the fragrance of shepherd’s purse, makes the cp combination so delicious that people can’t afford it!

Spring bamboo shoots

Spring bamboo shoots are the best seasonal ingredients in spring, and they have the reputation of "the first treasure among vegetables" in ancient times. Spring bamboo shoots, because of their white color as jade and fresh meat, are essential food on the table. In Zheng Banqiao in Qing Dynasty, there was a judgment that "fresh bamboo shoots in the south of the Yangtze River take advantage of the shad, and the spring breeze is rotten at the beginning of March".

bamboo shoot soup with fresh and pickled streaky pork

"Pickling" refers to the pickled ham, with Jinhua ham as the top grade; "Fresh" means fresh bamboo shoots, fresh pork belly, hind leg meat or pig’s hoof, preferably pork belly or hind leg meat; "DuDu" means slow stew with small fire in Shanghai dialect.

Braised bamboo shoots in oil

Braised bamboo shoots in oil are frequent visitors to Shanghai’s dining tables. Pale yellow bamboo shoots are stained with bright sauce red juice and become a super dish. It’s obviously a vegetarian dish, but it’s better than a meat dish.

Toona sinensis

Toona sinensis is a unique delicacy in spring.

Toona sinensis scrambled eggs

After washing Toona sinensis, blanch it in boiling water, and cut the blanched Toona sinensis into pieces for later use. Add Toona sinensis powder and salt, stir well, heat the oil in the wok to 70% heat, pour in Toona sinensis egg liquid, and stir-fry until the egg liquid is slightly solidified.

Malan head

Xianggan Malantou

The fragrant dried Malantou is a famous spring dish in Shanghai. It is boiled in boiling water and then cut into fine pieces. The fragrance is fascinating. After mixing the fragrant dried powder, it is poured with sesame oil, and the taste hits the soul directly.

Malantou Youth League

Fresh Malantou and finely cut dried bean curd are mixed together to form the freshest taste in this spring.

Caotou

Bouquet grass head

Bouquet grass head is a home-cooked dish of Shanghainese. Its tender and green leaves, inspired by white wine or yellow wine, maximize the fragrance of herbs, and make it melt in the mouth, so that everyone who meets it can’t refuse.

Caotouta cake

Mix chopped grass heads with rice flour and glutinous rice flour to make small dumplings with a diameter of two inches, then press them into round cakes with the palm of your hand and fry them in oil until they are yellow on both sides, crisp outside and soft inside, and fragrant.

Caotouquanzi

Silkworm bean

Broad bean is a delicious food in spring, rich in plant protein, and also a frequent visitor to many Shanghainese spring tables.

Broad bean with scallion oil

Skinned broad beans, stir-fry with oil and salt, and when the bean shells crack, add shallots, stir-fry simply, and a plate of fresh broad beans with scallion oil can order a green table.

This spring,

Try these seasonal delicacies,

Feel the gift of spring ~

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Source: @ Leyou Shanghai

ShangguanNo. Author: Shanghai Taiwan Compatriot Service Center